McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology

We’re all tapped into the platform economy – from using ridesharing apps to ordering food from an online delivery service – where we enjoy fast and efficient service for a reasonable price.

But it’s easy to take these services for granted without understanding what goes on behind the scenes.

Tomorrow, academics and tech workers from Canada, the U.S. and the U.K. are coming together at the University of Toronto to talk about what happens when tech economy workers start fighting for better working conditions at Log Out! Worker Resistance Within and Against the Platform Economy – organized by the McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology in the Faculty of Information.

Alessandro Delfanti (pictured left), an assistant professor at the Institute of Communication, Culture, Information and Technology at U of T Mississauga, is one of the organizers and a speaker at the event. He spoke with U of T News about the perils of the platform economy and what consumers should be paying attention to.

Do you think it's important for consumers of the platform economy – users of apps like Uber and Foodora – to know about the underlying issues facing workers?

I think so. If you only approach these companies or the platform economy as a consumer, you only see something very efficient or possibly cheap and convenient, but you don't see the underlying labour relationships.

This labour is hidden from our view so, from a consumer perspective, you will miss out on many important things that happen that are hidden because of the way labour is organized.

When you order something from Amazon, you don't see what happens in those gigantic warehouses where people perform this super physical, exhausting labour, moving, picking and sorting commodities around.

In some cases it’s more visible – when you order a pizza through Foodora, you'll see the rider – same for Uber. But what you don’t see is the day-to-day struggles they have to deal with and what you don't see is the employment relations and the claims people are making. It's a hyper-casualized form of employment in many cases and it’s very difficult as consumers to tell the difference between an Uber driver and a taxi driver, for example.

What kinds of changes are taking place in the platform economy?

It’s very interesting because we see what Silicon Valley calls disruption as being very big, quickly changing markets, quickly modifying the rules of the games within labour relationships. But what’s interesting is that workers also have been very quick to pick up on these challenges and provide their own reaction and/or response to this.

In other moments in history when there's been a dramatic technological reorganization of labour like the Industrial Revolution in the 19^th century, it's taken decades for workers to find new ways to mobilize within that new environment and find ways to improve their conditions within a new technological paradigm.

With digital labour, it’s happening very, very quickly. In a matter of a few years, we've seen a wave of worker struggles and new forms of mobilization. So disruptive also in terms of the speed at which this phenomenon is emerging.

What will you be speaking about at the event?

I'm speaking in particular about e-commerce. Whenever you buy something on Amazon, H&M or Ikea online, there's hidden labour happening in these gigantic warehouses that tend to be a place in the outskirts of metropolitan areas. I'm looking at what happens within those distribution hubs or warehouses – the problems workers are facing and the ways they're mobilizing and the demands they're making.

Are there any speakers you're particularly looking forward to hearing from?

Among the speakers there are digital workers – people who are working for platform-based companies or mobilizing within the workforce. For example, Callum Cant is a Deliveroo rider (Foodora-like delivery app) so his research is based on his own experiences, being part of mobilization to improve the conditions of Deliveroo or food riders in the U.K.

Kristy Milland, who is from Toronto, is an Amazon Mechanical Turk worker – a platform owned by Amazon that is based on online work so you can buy a service from Amazon Mechanical Turk and a mass of online workers distributed across the globe will perform it for you. She has experience as a worker and an organizer on that side of Amazon.

The tech workers coalition – that's a coalition of workers from the Silicon Valley – they're going to talk about the conditions labour is facing in the Silicon Valley on the engineering side.

Why was it important to you to bring together academics and representatives from the tech industry?

Having workers participate in this conversation is crucial if you want to know what's going on in the field and if you want to know what the problems and the claims are.

You don't see the kinds of claims workers make, for example, for Foodora and Deliveroo riders, they want to stop working in a piecework setting – when you're paid by the delivery – but rather they want to have an hourly wage or some guaranteed hours they can work every week so their salary is constant over time.

U of T’s McLuhan Centre takes critical look at technology through the lens of feminism

Romi Levine — Wed, 20 Sep 2017 14:00:03 +0000

U of T’s McLuhan Centre takes critical look at technology through the lens of feminism

Romi Levine Wed, 09/20/2017 - 10:00

Cutline

Denise Cruz, an associate professor in U of T's department of English, listens to an engaging panel of feminist scholars at a McLuhan Centre Monday night seminar (photo by Romi Levine)

Romi Levine

Author legacy

Romi Levine

Topic

City & Culture

Faculty of Information

McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology

University of Toronto Mississauga

On Monday evening, more than 50 people squeezed into a small room in University of Toronto’s McLuhan Centre for Culture and Technology, the converted coach house that sits in a parking lot off of Queens Park.

It’s an unassuming space – minimally decorated and dimly lit – but it carries a long and important history of critical thinking about technology, culture and the world we live in, centred around U of T professor and famed theorist Marshall McLuhan.

His popular Monday night seminars of the 1960s and '70s brought together faculty and students to have intellectual conversations in a more casual setting than a lecture hall.

This week’s seminar took the same approach as its predecessor but with a much-needed update: bringing the voices that have been excluded from McLuhan’s writings into the forefront.

Check out upcoming events hosted by the McLuhan Centre

The centre, part of the Faculty of Information, is theming this year’s events MsUnderstanding Media: The Extensions of Woman – a riff on McLuhan’s 1964 book Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. It’s the brainchild of the centre’s director Sarah Sharma, who is also an associate professor at the Institute of Communication, Culture, Information and Technology at U of T Mississauga.

“It's an invitation for people to think about the relationship between gender and technology but also about how McLuhan's work might be really helpful for understanding things like gender, race, and sexuality,” she says. “These are things that are usually disarticulated from McLuhan.”

McLuhan Centre director Sarah Sharma says feminist scholars engaging in critical thinking about technology are continuing to update McLuhan's work (photo by Romi Levine)

Sharma is dedicated to bringing prominent voices on gender, sexuality and technology into the centre, starting with Monday’s seminar, where four prominent feminist scholars were asked to pick an object and talk about its hidden meanings, similar to the way McLuhan analyzed various “media,” from electricity to the television, in Understanding Media.

“McLuhan opened up a way of seeing things and nobody can go back after they've read him,” says Sharma. “I want to raise that level of discussion and these critical scholars are doing all this cool stuff – I want this to be place they can come and share that work.”

Moderated by Sharma, the event featured talks by Anne Balsamo of the University of Texas at Dallas on CRISPR and the consequences of gene editing, Sarah Banet-Weiser of the University of Southern California-Annenberg on the Fearless Girl and Charging Bull statues in New York and their gendered interpretations, Sara Martel of the Institute for Better Health on neonatal incubators’ reproductive and historical connotations, and Judith Nicholson of Wilfrid Laurier University on the power and imagery of the gun.

Panelist Anne Balsamo looks at the role of culture in technological innovation (photo by Romi Levine)

“This was my dream to have these four people here,” Sharma told the crowd at the seminar.

Those in attendance agreed.

“It’s about time,” quipped Grace Lao, a PhD student at York and Ryerson Universities and a summer PhD resident at the McLuhan Centre, about the inclusion of diverse voices and perspectives on the panel.

“Some of the people who came today are people whose work I've been following for a number of years,” says Patrick Keilty, an assistant professor in the Faculty of Information.

And while feminism has infiltrated popular culture in a variety of ways – from “feminist”-branded T-shirts to empowering Instagram posts – the seminar serves as a place where people can think more critically about the way the movement is portrayed and responded to, says Denise Cruz, an associate professor in the department of English in the Faculty of Arts & Science.

“It is a moment when feminism has become a popular catchword in ways that aren't always as complex as they could be,” she says. “It's always great to have a place where people can come together.”