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University of Toronto researchers say Toronto and Ottawa would benefit from the creation of supervised injection facilities.

Such facilities could improve health and reduce harm among people who use drugs - and could reduce public drug use, according to research led by Dr. Ahmed Bayoumi and Dr. Carol Strike.

“Using multiple sources of data, we projected that supervised injection facilities would prevent HIV and hepatitis C infections and result in meaningful health benefits for people who use drugs in Toronto and Ottawa,” said Strike.

After four years of independent research, Bayoumi and Strike recommended the creation of three supervised injection facilities in Toronto and two in Ottawa.

“Our analyses also suggest that three supervised injection sites in Toronto and two in Ottawa are likely to represent good investments of health care dollars,” said Bayoumi.

The researchers recommended only supervised injection sites, saying there is not enough evidence showing the value of supervised consumption sites where users would also be able to smoke drugs.

A general internist and HIV physician at St. Michael’s Hospital, Bayoumi is a health services researcher at the hospital’s Centre for Research on Inner City Health and an associate professor in U of T’s Faculty of Medicine.

Strike, an associate professor in the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto, is an expert in the study of health and social services for marginalized populations, in particular people who use drugs.

The pair stressed that it is up to the communities in both Ottawa and Toronto to decide if, when or how to proceed with their recommendations. They were not asked to recommend specific locations and have not done so. However, if Toronto and Ottawa proceed, the researchers said they recommend multiple sites, not a single, central location such as Insite in Vancouver.

Drug use is dispersed in Ontario’s two largest cities - unlike Vancouver where it is concentrated in the Downtown Eastside - and people who use drugs indicated they did not want a single facility that could become a focus of opposition.

Community members consulted by the researchers also preferred multiple locations spread out across each city to minimize possible impacts on local neighbourhoods.

The researchers noted there has been a reduction in needle-sharing, drug overdoses and public drug injections since Insite opened in Vancouver in 2003. More than 90 supervised injections sites exist in Europe and Australia.

The report, believed to be the broadest study of its kind, was funded by the Ontario HIV Treatment Network and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The research addresses the Toronto Drug Strategy, passed by Toronto City Council in 2005, which called for a needs assessment and feasibility study for supervised consumption sites.

A full copy of the report of the Toronto and Ottawa Supervised Consumption Assessment is available at: .